Exam Questions and Answers for BPS-Pharmacotherapy Study Guide Questions and Answers!
Pharmacotherapy (Part1 and Part2) Exam Certification Sample Questions and Practice Exam
NEW QUESTION 79
Which of the following components of a grant proposal defines the study hypothesis?
- A. Specific aims
- B. Research design
- C. Background
- D. Significance
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 80
A patient presents to the emergency department with a generalized rash. When questioned about recent changes in medication therapy, the patient reports starting glyburide 2 week ago.
Which of the following may be used to assess the causality between glyburide use and the patient's rash?
- A. CAGE Questionnaire
- B. Brief Medication Questionnaire
- C. Modified Morisky Scale
- D. Naranjo Algorithm
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 81
A 58-year-old patient presents to a clinic for a routine physical. The patient has no significant past medical history. A recent visit to the primary care physician revealed the following fasting laboratory values:
* Glucose: 120 mg/dL
* TSH: 2.5 ulU/mL
* Total cholesterol: 256 mg/dL
* HDL cholesterol: 36 mg/dL
* LDL cholesterol: 170 mg/dL
* Triglycerides: 250 mg/dL
The patient would like to initiate alternative therapy in addition to the physician's diet and exercise recommendations. Which of the following alternative products may be effective for this patient?
- A. Red yeast rice
- B. Hawthorn leaf
- C. Valerian root
- D. Ginkgo biloba
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 82
A nurse administering an injectable narcotic is stuck with the needle. Which of the following is the most important information about the nurse's immune status to determine appropriate bloodborne pathogen/hepatitis B procedures?
- A. Date of last dose of hepatitis B immune globulin
- B. Dates of last hepatitis B vaccination
- C. Current hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) status
- D. Current hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) status
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 83
A 49-year-old patient has been taking pregabalin for the treatment of fibromyalgia for one year with good relief of symptoms. However, this patient recently lost access to health insurance.
Although she experienced excellent relief from pregabalin, she is unable to continue this therapy due to cost.
Which of the following would be the best intervention?
- A. Change to gabapentin
- B. Change to duloxetine
- C. Change to amitriptyline
- D. Change to tramaddy
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 84
In order to assess the effect of a potential metabolic enzyme inhibitor on the clearance of warfarin, the most appropriate study design would be which of the following?
- A. Randomized crossover study with a washout period between phases
- B. Single-blind (investigator only), two-group parallel, controlled study
- C. Double-blind, two-group parallel, controlled study
- D. Single-phase study with comparison of warfarin clearance to a population average in the literature
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 85
A 58-year-old woman presents to the emergency department of a small rural hospital with recurrent chest pain that is unrelieved by three sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. Initial evaluation of her ECG and cardiac enzymes are consistent with non-STEMI. The woman is admitted for observation and given aspirin. Which of the following should be added to this patient's regimen to reduce her risk of death, MI, and recurrent ischemia?
- A. Intravenous t-PA
- B. Oral warfarin
- C. Subcutaneous heparin
- D. Subcutaneous enoxaparin
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 86
A patient with recently diagnosed Iymphoma is receiving doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine. Aggressive intravenous hydration is required to decrease the complications associated with which of the following?
- A. Dacarbazine nephrotoxicity
- B. Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy
- C. Tumor lysis syndrome
- D. Bleomycin pulmonary toxicity
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 87
A population study of gentamicin pharmacokinetics in 425 neonates reported the following correlation by least-squares linear regression between gestational age and gentamicin clearance:
r2 = 0.35, p = 0.0001. Which of the following is the most appropriate interpretation of these data?
- A. A significant correlation exists between gestational age of newborns and gentamicin clearance, but gestational age accounts for only 35% of the variability in clearance.
- B. A significant correlation exists between gestational age and gentamicin clearance, with gestational age accounting for 65% of the variability in gentamicin clearance.
- C. A correlation coefficient of less than 0.8 essentially means no significant relationship exists between gestational age and gentamicin clearance in neonates.
- D. A significant correlation exists between gestational age and gentamicin clearance, with gestational age accounting for 59% of the variability of gentamicin clearance.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 88
Which of the following is an advantage of a crossover-design clinical trial?
- A. No period effect
- B. Smaller sample size needed
- C. No randomization needed
- D. No carryover effect
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 89
A prospective randomized study is being developed to evaluate the effects of steroids on mortality in patients who are admitted for head injury Patients will be randomly assigned to receive 48 hours of methylprednisolone or placebo. The study will have an 80% power to detect a 2% difference in mortality. Which of the following is an appropriate null hypothesis for this study?
- A. Methylprednisolone reduces mortality in head injury patients.
- B. Methylprednisolone and placebo are not different with respect to effect on mortality.
- C. Methylprednisolone will have a 20% reduction in mortality compared with placebo.
- D. Methylprednisolone will increase mortality by 2% compared with placebo.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 90
Initial efficacy data on an experimental drug in the United States are usually collected in:
- A. Phase trials.
- B. Phase IV trials.
- C. Phase trials.
- D. Phase III trials.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 91
A 46-year-old man comes into the clinic complaining of facial swelling and difficulty breathing.
Upon examination, it is determined that the patient has facial edema most likely associated with enalapril use. The patient was transferred to the hospital for treatment of the facial edema. It is most appropriate to report this reaction to the:
- A. MEDMARX database.
- B. FDA.
- C. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System.
- D. Drug manufacturer.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 92
A 40-year-old transplant recipient who is receiving cyclosporine develops seizures requiring anticonvulsant therapy. Because a drug interaction is likely to occur between cyclosporine and phenytoin, the pharmacotherapy specialist suggests that the resident do which of the following?
- A. Increase the cyclosporine dose.
- B. Increase the phenytoin dose.
- C. Decrease the phenytoin dose.
- D. Decrease the cyclosporine dose.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 93
Which statement best describes current recommendations on postnatal corticosteroids in neonatal Broncho pulmonary dysplasia?
- A. Combination of dexamethasone and hydrocortisone long-term therapies is advised.
- B. High-dose dexamethasone is routinely and strongly recommended.
- C. Early, low-dose, short-course hydrocortisone therapy may be beneficial.
- D. Late and long-term hydrocortisone therapy may be warranted.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 94
A 53-year-old patient with an 8-year history of diabetes is currently taking glipizide 10 mg twice daily before breakfast and supper. The patient weighs 85 kg and reports a 4.5 kg weight gain in the last year. Laboratory results are:
Creatinine: 1.2 mg/dL
A1C: 8.5%
What is the most appropriate recommendation at this time for improved diabetes control?
- A. Continue with glipizide and add metformin.
- B. Change glipizide to metformin.
- C. Change glipizide to insulin.
- D. Increase glipizide to 20 mg twice daily.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 95
A 53-year-old man has been diagnosed with a deep vein thrombosis. Weight = 94kg and height
= 170 cm. Creatinine clearance F 60 mL/min, CBC results are within normal limits, and baseline INR = 0.9.
The pharmacotherapy specialist receives orders for warfarin 5 mg orally every evening and enoxaparin 80 mg subcutaneously every 12 hours. Which of the following is the best course of treatment?
- A. Change enoxaparin to 140 mg every 24 hours.
- B. Change enoxaparin to 100 mg every 24 hours.
- C. Continue enoxaparin 80 mg every 12 hours.
- D. Change enoxaparin to 80 mg every 24 hours.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 96
A pharmacotherapy specialist in a managed-care organization is about to review a new drug for the treatment of osteoporosis. The P&T committee will use the results in deciding whether to add the new drug to the formulary. Which of the following information would be most helpful?
- A. The annual cost of the new drug for the organization's population of patients with osteoporosis would be $2.7 million
- B. The new drug is associated with a 32% reduction in the fracture rate.
- C. With the new drug, the number of patients needed to treat for the prevention of one fracture is 25.
- D. The new drug will cost $15600 more than the current formulary drug to prevent one fracture.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 97
A 38-year-old man with stage II testicular cancer has received a 5-day course of Cisplatin and etoposide, followed by daily Filgrastim. On day 14, he reports duki aching bone pain. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this complaint?
- A. Disease progression
- B. Etoposide
- C. Cisplatin
- D. Filgrastim
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 98
A 65-year-old man with heart failure is currently receiving digoxin, lisinopril, furosemide, and carvedilol. He is in normal sinus rhythm and is hemodynamically stable. His left ventricular ejection fraction is 30%. Which of the following statements best describes the role of digoxin therapy in this patient?
- A. It can be safely discontinued.
- B. It can be synergistic with carvedilol.
- C. It can decrease the risk of hospitalization.
- D. It can improve mortality.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 99
A 69-year-old Woman with chronic liver disease treated with furosemide and potassium chloride for ascites and peripheral edema presents with weakness and fatigue. Her serum laboratory Values are:
* Sodium: 138 mEq/L
* Potassium: 2.6 mEq/L
* Glucose: 88 mg/dL
* BUN: 33 mg/dL
* Chloride: 101 mEq/L
* HCO3- 26 mEq/L
* Creatinine: 1.1 mg/dL
Attempts to increase her serum potassium over the next 48 hours include intravenous replacement (240 mEq over this period), without success. The current serum potassium concentration is 2.8 mEq/L. Which of the following is the most appropriate test to obtain for this patient?
- A. Urinary potassium
- B. Urinary sodium
- C. Serum antidiuretic hormone
- D. Serum magnesium
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 100
Many clinically important adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are detected after the marketing of a drug, rather than during premarketing clinical trials. Of the following, which is the primary reason for this phenomenon?
- A. Too few patients are studied for too short a period of time during premarketing clinical trials.
- B. Pharmaceutical companies prefer to market agents with favorable side-effect profiles, so they focus premarketing studies on efficacy rather than on ADRs.
- C. Adverse reactions that are due to drug interactions or drug accumulation in renal insufficiency cannot be studied prospectively during the premarketing phase of clinical evaluation.
- D. Premarketing studies focus on efficacy rather than on safety; therefore, the study design accounts for the failure to detect ADRs.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 101
A physician suspects that a patient's symptoms are related to abrupt discontinuation of a certain drug and asks the pharmacotherapy specialist about common reactions in this type of situation.
A literature search produces one case report of a discontinuation syndrome involving the drug.
What is the most appropriate action to take with regard to the current suspected adverse event?
- A. Report the event to the P & T Committee.
- B. Report the event to the FDA MedWatch program.
- C. Write and submit a case report detailing the event.
- D. Complete a manufacturer's adverse event report.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 102
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